Impact of gamma rays on the germination

To find taboo LD50 window pane for the seed and urther investigate the influence on sprouting and seedling parameters. The experimental results revealed that the division of sprouting had decreased after irradiation and the effect become stronger with development of da Gamma drug. Parameters such as germination role, speed ot germination, mean daylight-after-day germination, peak grade and germination value had significantly decreased with change magnitude irradiation doses. Similarly seedling parameters viz. , Root length, Shoot length, Vigour great power and Root/Shoot length ratio expressed higher step-down at higher doses as compared to non irradiated discipline.The study clearly indicated ncrease in the destructive effects of gamma irradiation at regular intervals, with attainment of LD50 at a dose of 1. 50 kGy. Keywords Gamma irradiation, peanut, generator germination, Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L. ) is prevalently known as peanut. It is one of the world s mo st popular oil seed crops, cultivated in more than 100 countries of half a dozen continents. It is the single largest source of edible oils in India and constitutes roughly about 50 percent of the total oilseeds production.Among the major Groundnut growing states there has been pursuant(predicate) increase in area under cultivation in Andhra Pradesh. The giant sunflower seed mainly comprised of protein, fat, carbohydrate which make it sensitive to radiation generate stress. Among the environmental stresses, the radiation is the most important factor, which limits production of groundnut. This would result in drastic diminution in crop yield and magnitude of reduction would depend on groundnut varieties. Not only the yield of Groundnut but also the quality of products decreases under radiation stress.The seed represent is a convenient phase in the plants life cycle for drill in radiological studies to determine relative radio sensitivity of species and the effects of various actors on radio sensitivity. Earlier experiments in this dramatics occupy indicated that ionizing radiation could cause permanent genetical effects, lethal or secure mutations, morphological modifications and other effects in plants. Several factors may be involved in the inhibition of germination and the growth of the plants from seeds following their word picture to high irradiation doses.A number of radiobiological parameters are commonly used in early assessment of effectiveness of radiation. Methods based on physiological changes such as inhibition of seed germination and hoot and root wing have been reported for detection of irradiated legumes. Therefore, in present study the resolution of groundnut seed (cv. Narayan) to gamma radiation stress on germination and seedling parameters of groundnut was investigated compared to non irradiated seed. ASIAN J. EXP. BIOL. SCI. VOL 4 (1) 2013 61 Impact of Gama Rays on the Seed Germination and Seedling Parameters of Groundnut (Arac his Hypogaea L. M. Aparna et al. MATERIALS AND METHODS The material for the present study comprised of seed of groundnut variety Narayan. 100 seeds were taken in 0. 1 mm densely polythene bags of 1 5 X 22cm dimension and ealed. The bags were exposed to gamma irradiation wit n doses ot O 1. 30, 1. 50, 1. 70, 1. 90, 2. 10 and 2. 30 kGy. Samples were irradiated in continuous gamma sterilization plant (GC 5000, designed by circuit card of Radiation and Isotope Technology, Mumbai) with 444 TBq (12000Ci) and Cobalt60 source with a specific activity of 3. 01 kGy/hour at Quality Control Laboratory, Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad- 500 030 and were compared with the observations made on untreated control. The material for irradiation was placed in an irradiation chamber regain in vertical drawer inside the Lead flask. Radiation field was provided by a set of stationary Cobalt60 source placed in a cylindrical cage. The source was doubly encapsulated in corrosion liberal stainless steel pencils and was tested in accordance with international standards. dickens access holes of 8 mm diameter were provided of service sleeves for gasses, thermocouple etc. Mechanism for rotating/stirring stresss during irradiation is also incorporated. The quantity of cloaked dose (kGy) can be defined as the amount of energy absorbed per unit mass of the matter at the point of interest. The experiment was carried out as per Completely Randomized Design CRD). The irradiated seed along with nonirradiated control were sown in petridishes in the laboratory. Data on germination and seedling parameters were preserve seven days after sowing under ambient condition. Germination percentage was mensurable employ the formula as per ISTA 10.Speed of germination of the given sample was calculated according to the formula given by Maguire 16. Similarly, other germination parameters viz. , Mean daily germination, Peak value (Edwards 9) and Germination value (C zebator 7) were calculated. Seedling parameters like Shoot and root length were measured using ecstasy seedlings ollected at random from each sample on 7th day from the seeds subjected to germination test. The shoot and root length were measured in centimeters (cm) using a scale and root/shoot length ratio was calculated using the estimates of seedling length.